September 7th
 

1776 ~ World's first submarine attack. American submersible craft Turtle attempted to attach a time bomb to the hull of British Admiral Richard Howe's flagship Eagle in New York Harbor.

1822 ~ Brazil declared its independence from Portugal.

1901 ~ The Boxer Rebellion in China officially ended with the signing of the Peking Protocol.

1908 ~ Birthday of Dr. Michael DeBakey, Heart Surgeon and inventor of the MASH.

1912 ~ Birthday of David Packard, Electrical Engineer

1940 ~ World War II: The Blitz – Under orders from Adolf Hitler, the Luftwaffe began to bomb London. This was the first of 57 consecutive nights of bombing.

1949 ~ Birthday of Lee McGeorge Durrell author, television presenter, zookeeper.

1977 ~ Treaties between Panama and the United States on the status of the Panama Canal are signed. The US agreed to transfer control of the canal to Panama at the end of the 20th century.

1994 ~ Death of James Clavell, Author.

1997 ~ Death of Mobutu Sese Seko, dictator of Zaire.

September 8th
 

828 ~ Birthday of Ali al-Hadi, Shia Imam.

1636 ~ The Massachusetts Bay Colony establishes Harvard College as the first college founded in the Americas.

1841 ~ Birthday of Antonin Dvorak, Composer.

1886 ~ Birthday of Siegfried Sassoon, Poet.

1888 ~ The first season of The Football League began in England with 12 clubs.

1925 ~ Birthday of Peter Sellers, Actor.

1930 ~ 3M began marketing Scotch transparent tape.

1943 ~ World War II: General Dwight D. Eisenhower publicly announced the surrender of Italy to the Allies.

1949 ~ Death of Richard Strauss, Composer.

1966 ~ The first episode of the science fiction television series "Star Trek" aired.

September 9th
 

1585 ~ Birthday of Cardinal Armand-Jean du Plessis, duc de Richelieu, French statesman.

1737 ~ Birthday of Luigi Galvani, Italian Physician and Physicist.

1754 ~ Birthday of William Bligh, British naval officer.

1776 ~ The Continental Congress officially named their new country the United States.

1824 ~ Birthday of Anton Bruckner, Austrian Composer.

1828 ~ Birthday of Leo Tolstoy, Russian novelist (Anna Karenina, War and Peace).

1839 ~ John Herschel took the first astronomical glass plate photograph.

1945 ~ Admiral Grace Hopper discovered the first computer bug - a moth.

1956 ~ Elvis Presley appeared on “The Ed Sullivan Show” for the first time.

2001 ~ Ahmed Shah Massoud, leader of the Northern Alliance, was assassinated in Afghanistan.

September 10th
 

1913 ~ First paved coast-to-coast highway opened in the U.S.

1927 ~ France won the first Davis Cup.

1942 ~ Birthday of Stephen Jay Gould, American paleontologist.

1945 ~ Vidkun Quisling sentenced to death for collaboration with Nazi Germany.

1960 ~ Birthday of Colin Firth, Actor (Shakespeare in Love, Bridget Jones's Diary, Love Actually)

1967 ~ The people of Gibraltar voted to remain a British dependency rather than becoming part of Spain.

1971 ~ Death of Nikita Khrushchev, Premier of the Soviet Union.

1977 ~ France's last execution is performed by guillotine.

1990 ~ The Basilica of Our Lady of Peace of Yamoussoukro, the largest church in Africa and perhaps the world, consecrated by Pope John Paul II.

2002 ~ Switzerland, known for its neutrality, finally joined the United Nations.

September 11th
 

1297 ~ Battle of Stirling Bridge - Scots of William Wallace defeat English.

1711 ~ Birthday of William Boyce, Composer.

1914 ~ World War I: Australian forces defeat Germans in New Britain.

1917 ~ Birthday of Ferdinand Marcos, Philippine political figure.

1922 ~ British Mandate of Palestine began.

1935 ~ Birthday of Gherman Titov, Cosmonaut.

1948 ~ Death of Muhammed Ali Jinnah, first Governor-General of Pakistan.

1973 ~ A military coup in Chile headed by General Augusto Pinochet toppled elected Marxist President Salvador Allende.

1997 ~ Scotland voted to re-establish its own Parliament after 290 years of union with England and the 700th anniversary of the Battle of Stirling Bridge.

2001 ~ The September 11 attacks destroyed the World Trade Center in New York City, part of The Pentagon in Washington, D.C., and crashed a passenger airliner in Pennsylvania. In total, almost 3,000 are killed.

September 12th
 

1880 ~ Birthday of H.L. Mencken, Journalist, Author.

1888 ~ Birthday of Maurice Chevalier, Singer, Actor.

1913 ~ Birthday of Jesse Owens, Athlete.

1921 ~ Birthday of Stanislaw Lem, science fiction writer.

1933 ~ Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, came up with the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.

1940 ~ Cave paintings discovered in Lascaux, France.

1947 ~ Screen Actors Guild implements an anti-Communist loyalty oath.

1959 ~ Bonanza premiered. First regularly-scheduled TV program presented in color.

1977 ~ Death of Steve Biko, South African anti-apartheid activist.

2003 ~ The United Nations lifted sanctions against Libya after Libya agreed to accept responsibility and make payment of US $2.7 billion to the families of victims in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103.

September 13th
 

1321 ~ Death of Dante Alighieri, writer (La Divina Commedia)

1813 ~ The British fail to capture Baltimore, Maryland. Turning point in the War of 1812.

1819 ~ Birthday of Clara Schumann, Pianist, Composer.

1857 ~ Birthday of Milton S. Hershey, chocolate entrepreneur and founder of the Hershey Chocolate Company.

1874 ~ Birthday of Arnold Schoenberg, Composer.

1899 ~ Henry Bliss became the first person in the Western Hemisphere to be killed in an automobile accident.

1940 ~ German bombs damaged Buckingham Palace.

1948 ~ Margaret Chase Smith was elected senator, and became the first woman to serve in both the U.S. House of Representatives and the United States Senate.

1977 ~ Death of Leopold Stokowski, Conductor.

1999 ~ Bomb explodes in Moscow, Russia. At least 119 people are killed.

September 14th
 

1752 ~ The British Empire adopted the Gregorian calendar, skipping eleven days (September 2 was followed directly by September 14 that year).

1760 ~ Birthday of Luigi Cherubini, Composer.

1812 ~ Russian army burnt Moscow to prevent Napoleon from capturing it.

1814 ~ Francis Scott Key wrote “The Star-Spangled Banner”.

1849 ~ Birthday of Ivan Pavlov, Scientist.

1879 ~ Birthday of Margaret Sanger, birth control advocate.

1927 ~ Death of Isadora Duncan, Dancer.

1959 ~ The Soviet probe Luna 2 crashed onto the Moon, becoming the first man-made object to reach it.

1975 ~ The first American saint, Elizabeth Ann Seton, is canonized by Pope Paul VI.

1982 ~ Death of Princess Grace of Monaco.

September 15
 

1789 ~ Birthday of James Fenimore Cooper, Author.

1821 ~ Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and El Salvador proclaimed independent.

1867 ~ Birthday of Bruno Walter, Conductor

1885 ~ Death of P.T. Barnum's famous Elephant, Jumbo, hit by locomotive while crossing tracks, died instantly. Was later stuffed and put on display with the circus.

1890 ~ Birthday of Agatha Christie, Author.

1916 ~ Tanks were used for the first time in battle, at the Battle of the Somme.

1929 ~ Birthday of Murray Gell-Mann, Physicist.

1935 ~ Nuremberg Laws deprived German Jews of citizenship.

1950 ~ United States forces landed at Incheon, Korea.

1959 ~ Nikita Khrushchev becomes the first Soviet leader to visit the United States.

September 16th
 

1810 ~ Independence of Mexico from Spain.

1914 ~ Birthday of Allen Funt, radio & television personality.

1925 ~ Birthday of B. B. King, Musician.

1927 ~ Birthday of Peter Falk, Actor.

1955 ~ Play-Doh is introduced to the world.

1963 ~ Malaysia formed from Malaya, Singapore, British North Borneo and Sarawak.

1975 ~ Papua New Guinea gained independence from Australia.

1977 ~ Death of Maria Callas, Diva

1991 ~ Manuel Noriega trial begins in the United States.

1992 ~ Black Wednesday - the Pound Sterling was forced out of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism and to devalue against the Deutschmark.

September 17th
 

1394 ~ King Charles VI of France orders all Jews expelled from France.

1743 ~ Birthday of Marquis de Condorcet, mathematician, philosopher, and political scientist.

1787 ~ The text of the United States Constitution was agreed in Philadelphia, PA.

1900 ~ Philippine-American War: Filipinos under Juan Cailles defeated Americans under Colonel Benjamin F. Cheatham at Mabitac.

1908 ~ Death of Lt. Thomas Selfridge, first to die in an airplane crash. Orville Wright was the pilot.

1929 ~ Birthday of Sir Stirling Moss, Formula One racer.

1939 ~ The Soviet Union joined Nazi Germany's invasion of Poland during the Polish Defence War of 1939.

1978 ~ The Camp David Accords were signed by Israeli and Egyptian representitives.

1980 ~ Death of Anastasio Somoza Debayle, former president of Nicaragua.



Today is the feast day of Hildegard of Bingen

September 18th
 

1709 ~ Birthday of Samuel Johnson, Essayist, Critic, Poet.

1819 ~ Birthday of Leon Foucault, Physicist.

1851 ~ New York Times began publishing.

1905 ~ Birthday of Greta Garbo, Actress.

1927 ~ Columbia Broadcasting System went on the air.

1943 ~ The Jewish rebels were massacred at Sobibor.

1961 ~ Death of Dag Hammarskjöld, Secretary General of the United Nations.

1970 ~ Death of Jimi Hendrix, Rock Musician.

1971 ~ Birthday of Lance Armstrong, Cyclist Extraordinaire.

1990 ~ Liechtenstein became member of the UN

September 19th
 

1737 ~ Birthday of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, Declaration of Independence Signer, US Senator.

1900 ~ Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid committed their first robbery together.

1909 ~ Birthday of Ferry Porsche, automobile pioneer.

1927 ~ Death of Isadora Duncan, considered mother of modern dance.

1935 ~ Death of Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky, rocket scientist, physicist.

1941 ~ Birthday of Mama Cass Elliott, musician.

1945 ~ Lord Haw Haw (William Joyce) sentenced to death in London.

1955 ~ Juan Peron was deposed in Argentina.

1983 ~ Saint Kitts and Nevis gains independence from Great Britain.

1989 ~ A terrorist bomb explodes in a UTA DC-10 above Niger killing 171.

September 20th
 

1519 ~ Ferdinand Magellan began his voyage around the world.

1797 ~ The USS Constitution was launched in Boston, Massachusetts.

1842 ~ Birthday of Sir James Dewar, Chemist.

1878 ~ Birthday of Upton Sinclair, Writer, Politician.

1908 ~ Death of Pablo de Sarasate, Violinist.

1928 ~ Birthday of Doctor Joyce Brothers, psychologist, advice columnist.

1946 ~ First Cannes Film Festival.

1948 ~ Birthday of George R. R. Martin, Science Fiction Writer.

1973 ~ Billie Jean King beat Bobby Riggs in battle-of-sexes tennis match.

2000 ~ After playing 2,632 consecutive games for the Baltimore Orioles, baseball player Cal Ripken, Jr took a day off.

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