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July 13th
100 BC ~ Birthday of Julius Caesar, Soldier & Politician.
40 ~ Birthday of Gnaeus Agricola, Roman Governor of Britain. 1793 ~ Jean Paul Marat, one of the leaders of the French revolution, was murdered by Charlotte Corday. 1837 ~ Queen Victoria moved into Buckingham Palace – the first monarch to live there. 1908 ~ Women first included in modern Olympic competition. 1930 ~ The first FIFA World Cup began in Uruguay. 1951 ~ Death of Arnold Schoenberg, Austrian Composer. 1972 ~ The U.S. Democratic Party nominated George McGovern for president. 1982 ~ Montreal was host to the first baseball All-Star Game outside the U.S. 1985 ~ The Live Aid benefit concerts took place in London, Philadelphia, Sydney, and Moscow. |
July 14th
1789 ~ Citizens of Paris stormed the Bastille. Generally recognized as the beginning of the French Revolution.
1798 ~ The Sedition Act made it a federal crime to write, publish, or utter false or malicious statements about the U.S. government. 1827 ~ The first Roman Catholic Mass was celebrated in the Hawaiian Islands by members of the Congregation of the Sacred Hearts of Jesus and Mary. It was the foundation of the present-day Diocese of Honolulu. 1862 ~ Birthday of Gustav Klimt, Austrian Painter & Graphic Artist. 1881 ~ Death of Billy the Kid, American Outlaw. 1887 ~ Death of Alfred Krupp, German Munitions Manufacturer. 1912 ~ Birthday of Northrop Frye, Canadian literary critic Northrop Frye, Canadian Literary Critic. 1913 ~ Birthday of Gerald Ford, U.S. President. 1933 ~ Gleichschaltung: In Germany, all political parties are outlawed except the Nazi Party. 1965 ~ Mariner 4 flyby of Mars took the first close-up photos of another planet. |
July 15th
1099 ~ Jerusalem fell to the Crusaders.
1606 ~ Birthday of Rembrandt, Dutch artist. 1796 ~ Birthday of Thomas Bulfinch, American Mythologist. 1799 ~ French Captain Pierre Bouchard found the Rosetta Stone. 1870 ~ Rupert's Land and the North-Western Territory were transferred to Canada, from which the province of Manitoba and the North-West Territories were established. 1916 ~ In Seattle, Washington, William Boeing incorporated Pacific Aero Products (later renamed Boeing). 1926 ~ Birthday of Leopoldo Galtieri, Argentine Dictator. 1954 ~ First flight of the Boeing 707, the first American jet passenger airliner. 2002 ~ Ahmed Omar Saeed Sheikh and three other suspects convicted of murdering Wall Street Journal reporter Daniel Pearl. 2002 ~ The "American Taliban" John Walker Lindh pleaded guilty to supplying aid to the enemy and possession of explosives during the commission of a felony. |
July 16th
622 ~ Start of the Islamic calendar.
1769 ~ Father Junipero Serra founded the Mission San Diego de Alcalá, the first mission in California. The mission later evolved into the city of San Diego. 1782 ~ First performance of Mozart's opera The Abduction from the Seraglio. 1872 ~ Birthday of Roald Amundsen, Norwegian explorer who led the expedition which was the first to reach the South Pole. 1918 ~ At Ekaterinburg, Bolsheviks executed Czar Nicholas II of Russia and his family. 1945 ~ The U.S. successfully detonated the first test nuclear weapon at the Trinity site near Alamogordo, New Mexico. 1948 ~ Birthday of Pinchas Zukerman, Israeli Violinist. 1969 ~ Apollo 11 launched from Cape Kennedy, Florida to become the first manned mission to land on the moon. 1981 ~ Death of Harry Chapin, American Singer & Songwriter. 1989 ~ Death of Herbert von Karajan, Austrian Conductor. |
July 17th
1790 ~ Death of Adam Smith, Scottish Economist.
1897 ~ Klondike gold rush began when the first successful prospectors arrived in Seattle, Washington. 1899 ~ Birthday of James Cagney, Actor. 1917 ~ King George V issued a Proclamation stating that the male line descendants of the British royal family would bear the surname Windsor. 1935 ~ Birthday of Donald Sutherland, Actor. 1936 ~ An Armed Forces rebellion against the recently-elected leftist Popular Front government of Spain started the Spanish civil war. 1947 ~ Birthday of Camilla, Duchess of Cornwall (formerly Parker Bowles), former British royal mistress and now wife of Prince Charles. 1961 ~ Death of Ty Cobb, Baseball Hall of Famer. 1962 ~ Nuclear testing: The Small Boy test shot Little Feller I became the last atmospheric detonation at the Nevada Test Site. 2003 ~ Death of Dr. David Kelly, U.N. Weapons Inspector. |
July 18th
1817 ~ Death of Jane Austen, English Novelist.
1887 ~ Birthday of Vidkun Quisling, Norwegian Politician & Traitor. 1909 ~ Birthday of Andrei Gromyko, Soviet Diplomat & President. 1922 ~ Birthday of Thomas Kuhn , Philosopher of Science. 1925 ~ Adolf Hitler published Mein Kampf. 1927 ~ Birthday of Kurt Masur, Conductor. 1942 ~ The Messerschmitt Me-262 test flown using only its jets for the first time. 1969 ~ After a party on Chappaquiddick Island, Senator Ted Kennedy from Massachusetts drove his car off a wooden bridge into a pond and his passenger, Mary Jo Kopechne, died. 1986 ~ The motion picture Aliens opened in theaters. 2001 ~ In Baltimore, Maryland, a 60-car train derailment occurred in a tunnel, sparking a fire that lasted days and virtually shut down downtown Baltimore. |
July 19th
1374 ~ Death of Petrarch, Italian Poet & early Humanist.
1834 ~ Birthday of Edgar Degas, Impressionist Painter. 1848 ~ The two day Women's Rights Convention opened in Seneca Falls, New York and the "Bloomers" were introduced at the feminist convention. 1870 ~ Franco-Prussian War: France declared war on Prussia. 1898 ~ Birthday of Herbert Marcuse, Communist Philosopher. 1940 ~ Battle of Cape Spada between the Royal Navy and the Regia Marina; the Italian light cruiser Bartolomeo Colleoni sunk, with 121 casualties. 1945 ~ Montgomery Ward was seized by U.S. Army troops at the direction of Attorney General Francis Biddle because of its refusal to obey National War Labor Board orders. 1947 ~ Death of Aung San, Burmese nationalist. Aung San's daughter, Aung San Suu Kyi, is now the leader of the Burmese opposition to the current military regime. 1948 ~ Games of the XIV Olympiad opened in London. In 2012 that will happen again for the XXX Olypiad. 2003 ~ Death of Bill Bright, evangelist, founder of Campus Crusade for Christ. |
:line: for "bloomers" :D
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July 20th
1923 ~ New York City Mayor Mike Hylan, in a speech in Ogdensburg, says both the Republican and Democratic Parties were "corrupt manipulators" and urged the public to abandon both of them.
1933 ~ In London, 500,000 marched against anti-Semitism. 1938 ~ Birthday of Dame Diana Rigg, Actress (The Avengers, In This House of Brede) 1938 ~ Birthday of Natalie Wood, Actress (From Here to Eternity, Rebel Without a Cause, West Side Story). 1946 ~ The U.S. House of Representatives voted 265-79 to put control of atomic energy in the hands of a civilian body, the Atomic Energy Commission, rather than leave the military in control. 1960 ~ Ceylon elected Sirimavo Bandaranaike Prime Minister, the world's first female head of government. 1969 ~ Apollo 11 landed on the Moon . Neil Armstrong and "Buzz" Aldrin became the first men to walk on its surface. 1982 ~ The Provisional IRA detonated two bombs in Hyde Park and Regents Park in central London, killing eight soldiers, and wounding forty-seven people. 1998 ~ 200 aid workers from CARE International, Doctors Without Borders and other aid groups left the country on orders of the Taliban. 2004 ~ Human Rights Watch released a report stating that Sudanese government documents confirmed support for the Arab Janjaweed militia in their campaign of ethnic cleansing against African Muslims in Darfur. |
July 21st
1796 ~ Death of Robert Burns, Scottish Poet.
1899 ~ Birthday of Ernest Hemingway, American Author. 1861 ~ First Battle of Bull Run - At Manassas Junction, Virginia, the first major battle of the American Civil War began. 1911 ~ Birthday of Marshall McLuhan, Canadian Communications Theorist. 1920 ~ Birthday of Isaac Stern, Ukrainian born Violinist. 1925 ~ In Dayton, Tennessee, high school biology teacher John Scopes was found guilty of teaching evolution in class and fined $100. 1948 ~ Birthday of Cat Stevens (Yusuf Islam), English Singer. 1954 ~ The Geneva Conference partitioned Vietnam into North Vietnam and South Vietnam. 1970 ~ The Aswan High Dam in Egypt was completed at the end of eleven years of construction. 1976 ~ Christopher Ewart-Biggs, British ambassador to the Republic of Ireland, was assassinated by the Provisional IRA. |
July 22nd
1812 ~ British forces under the command of Arthur Wellesley (Duke of Wellington) defeated the French near Salamanca, Spain.
1822 ~ Birthday of Br. Gregor Mendel, Austrian Geneticist. 1887 ~ Birthday of Gustav Hertz, German Physicist, Nobel Prize laureate. 1898 ~ Birthday of Alexander Calder, American Artist. 1916 ~ In San Francisco, a bomb exploded on Market Street during a Preparedness Day parade, killing ten. 1937 ~ The U.S. Senate voted down President Franklin Roosevelt's proposal to add more justices to the Supreme Court. 1946 ~ The Irgun bombed the King David Hotel in Jerusalem, headquarters of the British administration, killing ninety. 1967 ~ Death of Carl Sandburg, Poet. 1992 ~ Pablo Escobar, fearing extradition to the U.S., escaped from his luxury prison. 1998 ~ Death of Alan Shepard, Astronaut. |
July 23rd
1757 ~ Death of Domenico Scarlatti, Italian Composer.
1829 ~ In the U.S., William Austin Burt patented the first typewriter. 1892 ~ Birthday of Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. 1940 ~ U.S. Under Secretary of State Sumner Welles`s declaration on the US non-recognition policy of the Soviet annexation and incorporation of three Baltic States - Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. 1942 ~ The Treblinka extermination camp opened. 1962 ~ Telstar relayed the first live trans-Atlantic television signal. 1972 ~ The U.S. launched Landsat 1, first Earth-resources satellite. 1982 ~ The International Whaling Commission voted a moratorium on commercial whaling by 1985-86. 1984 ~ Vanessa Williams became the first Miss America to resign when she surrendered her crown after nude photos of her appeared in Penthouse magazine. 1986 ~ Prince Andrew, Duke of York married Sarah Ferguson at Westminster Abbey. |
July 24th
1783 ~ Birthday of Simón Bolívar, South American liberator.
1802 ~ Birthday of Alexandre Dumas, French writer. (The Count of Monte Cristo, The Three Musketeers) 1847 ~ After 17 months of travel, Brigham Young led 148 Mormon pioneers into Salt Lake Valley, resulting in the establishment of Salt Lake City. 1898 ~ Birthday of Amelia Earhart, American Aviatrix. 1911 ~ Hiram Bingham re-discovered the Lost City of the Incas, Machu Picchu. 1929 ~ The Kellogg-Briand Pact, which renounced war as an instrument of foreign policy, went into effect. It was signed in Paris on August 27, 1928 by most leading world powers. 1943 ~ Operation Gomorrah: The RAF Bomber Command bombed Hamburg by night, USAAF 8th Air Force Bomber Command by day. By the end of the operation, 9,000 tons of explosive & incendiary bombs created a firestorm which killed more than 30,000 people and destroyed 280,000 buildings. 1967 ~ During an official state visit to Canada, French President Charles de Gaulle declared in Montreal "Vive le Québec libre!" (Long live free Quebec!). The statement, interpreted as support for Quebec independence, delighted many Quebecers but angered the Canadian government and many English Canadians. 1974 ~ Death of James Chadwick, English physicist, Nobel Prize laureate. 1980 ~ Death of Peter Sellers, Actor. |
July 25th
1797 ~ Horatio Nelson lost more than 300 men and his right arm during the failed conquest attempt of Tenerife Island.
1814 ~ Battle of Lundy's Lane - Reinforcements arrived near Niagara for General Riall's British and Canadian force. A bloody, all-night battle with American invaders began at 18.00; Americans retreated to Fort Erie. 1834 ~ Death of Samuel Taylor Coleridge, English poet. (The Rime of the Ancient Mariner & Kubla Khan ) 1897 ~ Writer Jack London sailed to join the Klondike Gold Rush where he wrote his first successful stories. 1907 ~ Korea became a protectorate of Japan. 1909 ~ Louis Bleriot made the first flight across the English Channel in a heavier-than-air machine. Calais to Dover in 37 minutes. 1917 ~ Sir Thomas Whyte introduced the first income tax in Canada as a "temporary" measure (lowest bracket is 4% and highest is 25%). 1952 ~ Puerto Rico became a self-governing commonwealth of the United States. 1978 ~ The first so-called test-tube baby, Louise Brown, was born. 2000 ~ An Air France Concorde crashed just after takeoff from Paris, killing 114. |
July 26th
1822 ~ Simón Bolívar and José de San Martín met in Guayaquil, Ecuador.
1856 ~ Birthday of George Bernard Shaw, Author, Playwright & recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, 1925. 1875 ~ Birthday of Carl Jung, Swiss Psychiatrist. 1928 ~ Birthday of Stanley Kubrick, Movie Director. 1940 ~ Birthday of Mary Jo Kopechne, aide to Robert F. Kennedy. 1941 ~ In response to the Japanese occupation of French Indo-China, President Franklin D. Roosevelt ordered the seizure of all Japanese assets in the U.S. 1943 ~ Birthday of Mick Jagger, English Musician. (Rolling Stones) 1947 ~ U.S. President Harry S. Truman signed the National Security Act into law creating the Central Intelligence Agency, Department of Defense, Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council. 1956 ~ Egyptian leader Gamal Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal sparking international condemnation. 1991 ~ Paul Reubens, aka Pee Wee Herman, was arrested for allegedly masturbating at a Sarasota, Florida adult theatre. |
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