Western Front
Battle of the Somme: Coldest day of battle so far. British repulse heavy counter-attacks on Schwaben and Stuff Redoubts.
Battle of Verdun: Nivelle commits 603 guns (including two 15.7-in rail guns against forts) and 15,000t of shells to shelling 3 1/2-mile front; they silence all but 100 of c.450 German guns (until October 24) using 530,000 x 75mm and 100,000 x 155mm shells.

Naval and Overseas Operations
Black Sea: Russian battleship "lmperatritsa Mariya" destroyed by internal explosion at Sevastopol.
East Africa: General Smuts reports Germans limited to south-east portion of Colony of which all ports and main lines of approach held by Allies.

Political, etc.
France: Anglo-French Conference held at Calais to discuss Greek participation in the war.
Ethiopia: Revolution in Abyssinia.
Greece: Greek Government agree to withdraw half Greek troops concentrated at Larissa and practically to place Greek Army on peace footing by October 25.
China: Germany protests to government over French hiring of 30,000 Chinese laborers.

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On the kinkometer, my kink measures as a sine wave.