1692 ~ Salem Witch Trials: In Salem, Massachusetts five women and a clergyman were executed after being convicted of witchcraft.

1839 ~ Presentation of Jacque Daguerre's new photographic process to the French Academy of Sciences.

1871 ~ Birthday of - Orville Wright, Aviator.

1902 ~ Birthday of Ogden Nash, Poet.

1921 ~ Birthday of Gene Roddenberry, Producer.

1934 ~ The first All-American Soap Box Derby was held in Dayton, Ohio.

1946 ~ Birthday of Bill Clinton, U.S. President.

1960 ~ Cold War: In Moscow, downed American U-2 pilot Francis Gary Powers was sentenced to ten years imprisonment by the Soviet Union for espionage.

1981 ~ Libyan leader Muammar Qaddafi sent two Sukoi Su-22 fighter jets to take on a couple of United States fighters over the Gulf of Sidra. The American jets destroyed the Libyan fighters.

1994 ~ Death of Linus Pauling, Chemist.

He was a physical chemist, among the most influential chemists of the twentieth century, and one of the most important scientists of all time. He was one of the first quantum chemists, and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1954 for his work describing the nature of chemical bonds. He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1962 for his campaign against above-ground nuclear testing, becoming one of only two people to receive the Nobel Prize in more than one field, the other being Marie Curie.

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Eudaimonia